8.0 Ecological Performance Resources: Construction Practices
Use of the GVRDs Project Waste Management Master Specification at Richmond City Hall resulted in the recycling of 2,840 cu. yds. of material, or 75% of the waste generated on site during construction. This resulted in disposal cost savings of 38%, or $14,280. Factoring in the cost of the program, net savings were $7,820.
Waste generated from construction and demolition accounts for about 28 percent of landfill volume.
--United States Green Building Council / United States Department of Energy / United States Environmental Protection Agency (USGBC / USDOE / USEPA), Sustainable Building Technical Manual, 1996
About 1,250 metric tonnes (2.5 million pounds) of garbage passes through the City of Vancouver Kent Street Transfer Station every day. Paper makes up a third of that waste and yard waste makes up about another third. Gene Shufelt, foreman, says "Call me a crusader or whatever, what I see thrown away unjustly is pathetic to me. It's my tax dollars that are paying for that burial. I've been in this business now for almost nineteen years and we live in such a wasteful society it makes me sick." But we are improving. Residential, commercial and industrial waste have been cut by over 33% since 1990. But there's still a way to go for us to meet the target of 50% reduction before 2000.
--The Vancouver Courier, April 22, 1998
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8.1 Construction Waste (C1) |
Dominion supports job site recycling, particularly on projects like this because large volumes of waste were generated. It was a great success, and we will certainly do it again on similar projects.
--Tim Creelman, site superintendent on the Richmond City Hall construction, Dominion Construction, 2000
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Regional Justice Center Demolition Recycles 95%, Saves $265,000.
--King County Solid Waste Division, 1997
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| Web Resource |
Construction & Demolition Recycling
Greater Vancouver Regional District |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.gvrd.bc.ca/recycling-and-garbage/business-services.htm
Thomas Mueller: ph.: (604) 436-6818, fax: (604) 436-6811 or e-mail: thomas.mueller@gvrd.bc.ca |
| Description |
These resources are useful even outside the GVRD; The GVRD's Construction/Demolition Recycling Program makes the following information available:
- Project Waste Management Master Specification
- Demolition & Salvage Guide
- Case Study Factsheets
- Recycling Directories (Local Recycling Depots, Hauling Services, Salvage Contractors, Demolition Contractors)
- Project Deconstruction Master Specification
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| Web Resource |
Metro Portland Construction Industry Recycling Toolkit |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.metro-region.org/article.cfm?ArticleID=727 |
| Description |
- Guidelines and tips for construction and demolition waste recycling.
- Mostly oriented to Metro Portland, but much information is useful anywhere.
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| Web Resource and Publications |
Solid Resources Citywide Recycling Division (LA SRCRD)
City of Los Angeles |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.ci.la.ca.us/SAN/srcrd/
(213) 847-1444, email SRCRD@san.ci.la.ca.us |
| Description |
- The LA SRCRD produces a number of excellent publications on waste management, available for free.
- The following are particularly useful for salvaged material specification in construction and demolition:
- City of Los Angeles Solid Resources Management Specification 1998: A recommended recycling specification for contractors doing demolition, site clearing and construction.
- Wood You Recycle? 1998: A guide to Wood Re-Use and Recycling in the Los Angeles Area, but much information is applicable anywhere.
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| Web Resource |
Construction and Demolition Waste Programs - WasteSpec: Model Specifications for Construction Waste Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling
Triangle J Council of Governments. 1995 |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.tjcog.dst.nc.us/
PO Box 12276, Research Triangle Park, Gainsborough, NC 27709 (919) 549-0551 |
| Description |
A free model specification for construction waste reduction. |
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8.2 Reuse Topsoil (C2) |
Soil is currently undervalued as a resource; through both depletion and pollution it is being exploited beyond its capacity for renewal. And yet, healthy productive soils are crucial to the health of the ecosystem. While it takes up to 1000 years to build up several inches of soil, it can build itself up more quickly as its productivity is increased. For example, returning organic waste and landscape debris to the soil can be used to regenerate it more quickly.
--The Sheltair Group, Visions, Tools and Targets, 1998
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| Web Resource |
CMHC Waste Management Action Plan
The City of Burnaby |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.city.burnaby.bc.ca/cityhall.html |
| Description |
- The City of Burnaby has information to assist builders including this Waste Management Action Plan developed by CMHC.
- Although its focus is residential building, any of the lessons are transferable.
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| Web Resource |
(See GVRD's Construction / Demolition Recycling Program, above.) |
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8.3 Vegetation and Watercourse Protection (C3) |
The roots of trees can hold soils in place better than concrete; unlike concrete, roots do the soil no damage, and they require much less embodied energy. And some kinds of plant, along with their associated microorganisms, can very effectively draw nutrients and even some toxins and heavy metals out of sewage or runoff water. By working with nature in these ways, designing a regenerative water-flow system becomes a matter of providing optimum conditions under which nature can function.
--John Tillman Lyle, Regenerative Design For Sustainable Development, 1994
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| Web Resource |
Landscape and Grounds Management Guidelines
City of Seattle Office of Environmental Management |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.ci.seattle.wa.us/environment/documents/landscape.pdf [PDF File] |
| Description |
These guidelines are intended to cover environmental issues of landscape and grounds management, including:
- Design Stage
- Drainage
- Plant Selection
- Plant Health
- Mulch
- Lawn Maintenance
- Automatic Irrigation Systems
- Integrated Pest Management
- Record Keeping
- Training
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| Book |
Landscape Ecology Principles in Landscape Architecture and Land-Use Planning
Dramstad, W. E., Olson, J.D., and Forman, R.T., (1996) |
| Contact / Resource |
Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge. |
| Description |
- Presents and explains the principles of landscape ecology.
- Provides numerous examples of how those principles can be applied in specific situations.
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| Publication |
Start at the Source: Residential Site Planning and Design Guidelines: Manual for Stormwater Quality Protection
Richman, Tom, et al. (1997) |
| Contact / Resource |
Bay Area Stormwater Management Agencies (San Francisco). |
| Description |
- An excellent guide to the basics of stormwater infiltration & quality management approaches.
- Applicable to all building sites, not just residential.
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| Web Resource |
Erosion and Sediment Control Field Manual, and Manual of Standards for Erosion and Sediment Control Measures
Friends of the San Francisco Estuary, San Francisco Estuary Project, (May 1995) |
| Contact / Resource |
http://www.abag.ca.gov/abag/overview/pub/erosion.html |
| Description |
- Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook: textbook provides all of the information needed to select and design erosion control measures for construction sites.
- Manual of Standards: Covers control measures for urban or developing areas, with emphasis on control of construction erosion. Includes legal guidelines and technical standards, with sample specifications for controlling water quality impacts.
- Both available from Friends of the San Francisco Estuary website.
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